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| 青海地区行政事业单位职工焦虑、抑郁状况调查 |
| Investigation and analysis on anxiety and depression of administrative cadres in Qinghai province |
| 投稿时间：2023-04-20 修订日期：2024-10-14 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 青海地区 行政事业单位职工 焦虑 抑郁 |
| 英文关键词:Qinghai region, administrative institutions, anxiety, depression. |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【摘要】背景 随着现代社会的发展、生活节奏的加快和行业竞争的加剧，行政事业单位职工承受着社会变革带来的压力，这类群体的心理健康问题需要更多关注。目的 了解青海地区行政事业单位职工心理健康状况，在此基础上针对职工心理健康问题的原因进行讨论，为后续进一步研究和干预提供参考。方法 于2022年10月23—28日，通过多阶段分层整群抽样方法，选取青海省行政事业单位的职工为研究对象。采用自编一般情况调查表、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行问卷调查，并对结果进行统计分析。结果 共1 797名行政事业单位职工完成有效问卷调查。抑郁总体检出人数为：579人，抑郁发生率32.22%，其中轻度384人，占总人数的21.37%，中度162人，占总人数的9.01%，重度33人占总人数的1.84%；焦虑总体检出人数为：711人，焦虑发生率39.57%，其中轻度430人，占总人数的23.93%，中度236人，占总人数的13.13%，重度45人，占总人数的2.50%。同时在SDS中：不同民族、不同文化程度、不同岗位类型评分差异均有统计学意义（F=9.074、4.477、101.488，P均<0.01）。SAS评分中：不同性别（t=-4.571）、不同年龄、不同文化程度、不同婚姻状况、不同岗位类型评分差异均有统计学意义（F=6.648、5.243、12.008、22.253，P均<0.01）。结论 青海地区行政事业单位职工的焦虑抑郁水平（47.02±11.02）（48.75±11.35）远远高出全国焦虑抑郁常模（29.78±0.46）（33.46±8.55），具有显著差异（t=70.58，p=0.00）（t=51.96，p=0.00）。民族、文化程度、岗位类型均是影响被调查人员抑郁的重要因素；性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、岗位类型均是影响焦虑的重要因素。青海地区行政事业单位职工心理健康不容乐观。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Abstract】The work of administrative institutions is the main bearer of social governance and social public service work, and their mental health status is not only related to their own work performance, but also to the effectiveness of social governance. With the development of modern society, the acceleration of the pace of life and the intensification of industry competition, the employees of administrative institutions are under the pressure brought about by social change, and it is not only important but urgent to understand the current situation of mental health of this group. Objective To understand the psychological status of cadres in Qinghai province, and to provide evidence for the construction of the system of mental health service for cadres. Methods From 2 prefecture-level cities and 2 counties in Qinghai province were selected by sampling method. The online and off-line mental health lectures were organized, and the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were surveyed. 10% of the participants were randomlyselected for the retest, and 5% of the retest subjects were interviewed in psychiatric department offline or online. The results were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 1797 employees of administrative institutions completed a valid questionnaire survey. The total number of patients diagnosed with depression was 579, and the incidence of depression was 32.22%, of which 384 were mild, accounting for 21.37%, 162 were moderate, accounting for 9.01%, and 33 were severe, accounting for 1.84%. The total number of patients with anxiety was 711, and the incidence rate of anxiety was 39.57%, including 430 patients with mild disease, accounting for 23.93% of the total, 236 patients with moderate disease, accounting for 13.13% of the total, and 45 patients with severe disease, accounting for 2.50% of the total number. At the same time, there were statistically significant differences in the scores of different nationalities, different education levels and different job types in SDS (F=9.074, 4.477, 101.488, all P<0.01). In the SAS score, there were statistically significant differences in the scores of different genders (t=-4.571), different ages, different education levels, different marital status, and different job types (F=6.648, 5.243, 12.008, 22.253, all P<0.01）. Conclusion The level of anxiety and depression among employees of administrative institutions in Qinghai (47.02±11.02) (48.75±11.35) is much higher than the national norm of anxiety and depression (29.78±0.46) (33.46±8.55), and there is a significant difference (t=70.58, p=0.00) (t=51.96, p=0.00). Ethnicity, education level and job type were all important influencing factors affecting the depression of the respondents. Gender, age, education level, marital status, and job type are all important influencing factors for anxiety. The mental health of employees of administrative institutions in Qinghai is not optimistic. |
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