| 廖春梅,罗丽霞,晏妮,张雨晨,袁刚,蒋国庆.重庆市儿童青少年失眠情况及其影响因素[J].四川精神卫生杂志,2024,37(5):451-456.Liao Chunmei,Luo Lixia,Yan Ni,Zhang Yuchen,Yuan Gang,Jiang Guoqing,Survey on insomnia and its influencing factors among children and adolescents in Chongqing[J].SICHUAN MENTAL HEALTH,2024,37(5):451-456 |
| 重庆市儿童青少年失眠情况及其影响因素 |
| Survey on insomnia and its influencing factors among children and adolescents in Chongqing |
| 投稿时间：2023-06-12 |
| DOI：10.11886/scjsws20230612003 |
| 中文关键词: 儿童 青少年 失眠 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词:Children Adolescents Insomnia Influencing factors |
| 基金项目:重庆市科技计划项目［项目名称：重庆市儿童青少年（心理）学科建设现状调研及对策，项目编号：CSTB2022TFII-0IX0074］ |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 背景 儿童青少年睡眠问题已成为全球关注的健康问题，西部地区儿童青少年睡眠问题较突出，但尚缺乏关于重庆市儿童青少年失眠情况及其影响因素的研究。目的 了解重庆市儿童青少年失眠情况并分析其影响因素，为临床干预和预防失眠提供参考。方法 于2021年11月—12月，采用分层随机抽样方法选取重庆市9 969名儿童青少年为研究对象。采用失眠严重程度指数量表（ISI）和自编心理健康核心知识知晓情况调查问卷进行调查。采用二元Logistic回归分析探讨儿童青少年失眠的影响因素。结果 检出3 578名（35.89%）儿童青少年存在失眠症状。不同性别、民族、受教育程度、户籍、是否为独生子女、父母受教育程度、内向/外向、父母关系、家庭人均月收入、精神疾病家族史、医疗保障情况、居住情况以及对心理健康知识了解情况的儿童青少年失眠症状检出情况比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05或0.01）。 二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，女生（OR=1.301，95% CI：1.192~1.419）、少数民族（OR=1.163，95% CI：1.015~1.333）、受教育程度为初中（OR=1.985，95% CI：1.774~2.220）或高中（OR=3.085，95% CI：2.749~3.462）、非独生子女（OR=1.127，95% CI：1.013~1.253）、父母关系和睦度不高或不和睦［比较和睦（OR=1.846，95% CI：1.669~2.041）；一般和睦（OR=2.524，95% CI：2.214~2.877）；不太和睦（OR=2.452，95% CI：1.999~3.007）；很不和睦（OR=2.926，95% CI：2.307~3.710）］、医疗保障不完全（OR=1.218，95% CI：1.093~1.358）是失眠的危险因素；外向性格（OR=0.838，95% CI：0.766~0.917）、无精神疾病家族史（OR=0.719，95% CI：0.549~0.941）、母亲受教育程度为初中（OR=0.822，95% CI：0.734~0.920）或高中或中专（OR=0.862，95% CI：0.752~0.988）或大专及以上（OR=0.748，95% CI：0.633~0.884）、了解心理健康知识（OR=0.854，95% CI：0.778~0.937）是失眠的保护因素。结论 重庆市儿童青少年失眠问题较严重。女生、少数民族、较高的受教育程度、非独生子女、不良的家庭关系和医疗保障不完全是儿童青少年失眠的危险因素；外向性格、无精神病家族史、母亲受教育程度高、了解心理健康知识是儿童青少年失眠的保护因素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Background Sleep disturbances in children and adolescents have become a global public health concern， with pronounced issues in the Western China. Despite this， research on the prevalence of insomnia and its influencing factors among children and adolescents in Chongqing is still lacking.Objective To understand the prevalence of insomnia and analyze its influencing factors among children and adolescents in Chongqing， so as to provide references for clinical interventions and preventive strategies of insomnia.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to select 9 969 children and adolescents in Chongqing from November to December 2021. Insomnia Severity Index （ISI） and a self-designed questionnaire on awareness of core mental health knowledge were administered. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of insomnia in this population.Results A total of 3 578 children and adolescents （35.89%） were found to have insomnia symptoms. There were statistically significant differences in the detection of insomnia symptoms among gender， ethnicity， education level， domicile， only-child status， parental education level， introversion/extroversion， parental relationship， average monthly per capita income， family history of mental illness， medical insurance coverage， living situation and understanding of mental health knowledge （P<0.05 or 0.01）. Binary Logistic regression analysis identified several risk factors for insomnia， including female gender （OR=1.301， 95% CI： 1.192~1.419）， ethnic minority status （OR=1.163， 95% CI： 1.015~1.333）， junior high school for education level （OR=1.985， 95% CI： 1.774~2.220）， senior high school for education level （OR=3.085， 95% CI： 2.749~3.462）， non-only-child status （OR=1.127， 95% CI： 1.013~1.253）， degree of harmony between parents is not high or not harmonious ［（OR=1.846， 95% CI： 1.669~2.041 for relatively harmonious； OR=2.524， 95% CI： 2.214~2.877 for generally harmonious； OR=2.452， 95% CI： 1.999~3.007 for not very harmonious； OR=2.926， 95% CI： 2.307~3.710 for very discordant）］ and incomplete medical insurance coverage （OR=1.218， 95% CI： 1.093~1.358） . Protective factors included an extroverted personality （OR=0.838， 95% CI： 0.766~0.917）， absence of family history of mental illness （OR=0.719， 95% CI： 0.549~0.941）， junior high school for mother's education level （OR=0.822， 95% CI： 0.734~0.920）， senior high school or secondary specialized school for mother's education level （OR=0.862， 95% CI： 0.752~0.988）， college and above for mother's education level （OR=0.748， 95% CI： 0.633~0.884） and knowledge of mental health （OR=0.854， 95% CI： 0.778~0.937）.Conclusion The problem of insomnia among children and adolescents in Chongqing is quite serious. Risk factors for insomnia include female gender， ethnic minority status， higher education levels， being a non-only child， poor family relationships and incomplete medical insurance. Conversely， an extroverted personality， absence of family history of mental illness， higher maternal education and knowledge of mental health serve as protective factors against insomnia. ［Funded by Chongqing Science and Technology Plan Project （number， CSTB2022TFII-0IX0074）］ |
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