吴雨潇,行浩然,鲍天昊.老年精神障碍患者肺部感染发生率及影响因素的Meta分析[J].四川精神卫生杂志,2025,(2):184-192.Wu Yuxiao,Xing Haoran,Bao Tianhao,Prevalence and risk factors of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with mental disorders: a Meta-analysis[J].SICHUAN MENTAL HEALTH,2025,(2):184-192
老年精神障碍患者肺部感染发生率及影响因素的Meta分析
Prevalence and risk factors of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with mental disorders: a Meta-analysis
投稿时间:2024-08-06  
DOI:10.11886/scjsws20240806001
中文关键词:  老年  精神障碍  肺部感染  危险因素  Meta分析
英文关键词:Elderly  Mental disorders  Pulmonary infection  Risk factors  Meta-analysis
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作者单位邮编
吴雨潇 昆明医科大学附属精神卫生中心云南省精神病医院云南 昆明 650000 650000
行浩然 昆明医科大学附属精神卫生中心云南省精神病医院云南 昆明 650000 650000
鲍天昊* 昆明医科大学附属精神卫生中心云南省精神病医院云南 昆明 650000 650000
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中文摘要:
      背景 随着人口老龄化的加剧,老年精神障碍患者数量显著增加,肺部感染在这一人群中的高发生率是导致医疗负担加重和死亡率上升的主要因素之一。因此,预防老年精神障碍患者肺部感染,已成为临床工作面临的重要挑战。目的 探讨老年精神障碍患者肺部感染的发生率及其影响因素,为预防该群体肺部感染的发生提供参考。方法 于2024年7月1日,计算机检索中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、Ovid数据库,检索时限为建库至2024年6月。由两名研究者独立进行文献筛选、数据提取和质量评价。使用Stata 16.0进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入17篇文献,其中中文文献14篇、英文文献3篇,共包括75 724例老年精神障碍患者。Meta分析结果显示,老年精神障碍患者肺部感染发生率为20.8%(95% CI:0.154~0.263)。亚组分析结果显示,痴呆、精神分裂症、抑郁症、未分类的精神障碍患者肺部感染发生率分别为21.9%(95% CI:0.182~0.256)、20.6%(95% CI:0.129~0.283)、18.4%(95% CI:0.136~0.232)和5.2%(95% CI:0.430~0.062)。影响因素方面,合并糖尿病(OR=1.29,95% CI:1.24~1.34)、长期卧床(OR=2.41,95% CI:2.10~2.76)、吞咽障碍(OR=1.76,95% CI:1.53~2.03)、吸烟史(OR=6.27,95% CI:5.97~6.59)、不合理使用抗菌药(OR=2.10,95% CI:1.79~2.45)、低白蛋白血症(OR=1.57,95% CI:1.35~1.83)、病程(OR=2.05,95% CI:1.79~2.36)、年龄(OR=9.04,95% CI:8.44~9.68)、住院时间(OR=2.68,95% CI:1.65~4.34)、质子泵抑制剂使用(OR=1.10,95% CI:1.06~1.14)、慢性肺部疾病史(OR=1.50,95% CI:1.43~1.57)、口腔卫生不良(OR=3.66,95% CI:1.01~13.23)、合并肿瘤(OR=3.12,95% CI:2.18~4.48)、躯体并发症>2种(OR=4.01,95% CI:1.08~14.86)、侵入性操作(OR=3.31,95% CI:1.81~6.04)、意识障碍(OR=5.57,95% CI:2.18~14.24)均为老年精神障碍患者发生肺部感染的危险因素。结论 老年精神障碍患者肺部感染发生率较高,不同类型的精神障碍患者之间存在差异,其中,痴呆患者肺部感染发生率最高。年龄、病程、吸烟史、合并躯体疾病、吞咽障碍、意识障碍、低白蛋白血症、长期卧床、口腔卫生状况差、不合理使用抗菌药、质子泵抑制剂使用、住院时间以及侵入性操作是老年精神障碍患者肺部感染的主要影响因素。
英文摘要:
      Background With the exacerbation of population aging, the number of elderly patients with mental disorders has increased significantly. The high prevalence of pulmonary infection in the aging population has largely contributed to the increased medical burdens and mortality rate, so preventing pulmonary infection in elderly patients with mental disorders has become a critical challenge in clinical practice.www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO注册号:CRD42024553735Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with mental disorders, so as to provide references for preventing the occurrence of pulmonary infection in this population.Methods On July 1, 2024, computer searches of CNKI, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and Ovid were conducted from the inception of each database to June 2024. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0.Results A total of 17 literature (14 in Chinese, 3 in English) involving 75 724 elderly patients with mental disorders were included. Meta analysis revealed that the incidence rate of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with mental disorders was 20.8% (95% CI: 0.154~0.263). Subgroup analysis indicated that the incidence rates of pulmonary infection among patients with dementia, schizophrenia, depression and unspecified mental disorders were 21.9% (95% CI: 0.182~0.256), 20.6% (95% CI: 0.129~0.283), 18.4% (95% CI: 0.136~0.232) and 5.2% (95% CI: 0.430~0.062), respectively. In terms of influencing factors, the following were identified as risk factors for pulmonary infection in elderly patients with mental disorders: comorbid diabetes mellitus (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.24~1.34), prolonged bed rest (OR=2.41, 95% CI: 2.10~2.76), dysphagia (OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.53~2.03), smoking history (OR=6.27, 95% CI: 5.97~6.59), irrational use of antibiotics (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.79~2.45), hypoalbuminemia (OR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.35~1.83), duration of illness (OR=2.05, 95% CI: 1.79~2.36), age (OR=9.04, 95% CI: 8.44~9.68), length of hospital stay (OR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.65~4.34), use of proton pump inhibitors (OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.06~1.14), history of chronic lung disease (OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.43~1.57), poor oral hygiene (OR=3.66, 95% CI: 1.01~13.23), comorbid tumors (OR=3.12, 95% CI: 2.18~4.48), more than two somatic complications (OR=4.01, 95% CI: 1.08~14.86), invasive procedures (OR=3.31, 95% CI: 1.81~6.04) and disorders of consciousness (OR=5.57, 95% CI: 2.18~14.24).Conclusion Elderly patients with mental disorders suffer a relatively high prevalence rate of pulmonary infection, and its prevalence rate varies among different types of mental disorders, with the highest rate being observed in patients with dementia. The factors contributing to the development of pulmonary infection are found to include age, duration of illness, smoking history, comorbid somatic complications, dysphagia, disorders of consciousness, hypoalbuminemia, prolonged bed rest, oral hygiene status, irrational use of antibiotics, use of proton pump inhibitor, length of hospital stay and invasive procedures. [www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO number: CRD42024553735]
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