| 赵丽婷,李春玲,伍梦洁,童永胜.心理援助热线成年与未成年自杀高危来电者特征及干预效果的影响因素比较[J].四川精神卫生杂志,2023,36(2):104-110.Zhao Liting,Li Chunling,Wu Mengjie,Tong Yongsheng,Comparisons of characteristics of adult and juvenile callers at high risk for suicide from psychological assistance hotline and the influencing factors of intervention effect[J].SICHUAN MENTAL HEALTH,2023,36(2):104-110 |
| 心理援助热线成年与未成年自杀高危来电者特征及干预效果的影响因素比较 |
| Comparisons of characteristics of adult and juvenile callers at high risk for suicide from psychological assistance hotline and the influencing factors of intervention effect |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-13 |
| DOI：10.11886/scjsws20221130001 |
| 中文关键词: 自杀 未成年人 社会心理特征 干预效果 心理援助热线 |
| 英文关键词:Suicide Juvenile Socio-psychological characteristics Intervention effectiveness Psychological assistance hotline |
| 基金项目:北京市医院管理中心临床医学发展专项经费（项目名称：心理危机干预，项目编号：ZYLX202130）；北京市医院管理中心“登峰”计划专项经费资助的课题（项目编号：DFL20221701）；北京回龙观医院青年科研基金（项目名称：热线自杀高危来电干预技术方案的制定及队伍体系建设，项目编号：LY202211） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 比较心理援助热线成年与未成年自杀高危来电者的特征和影响即刻干预效果的因素，为制定不同年龄人群的热线干预方案提供参考。方法 将北京市心理援助热线于2021年1月-6月接听的2 229例自杀高危来电者纳入研究，分为成年组（n=1 344）和未成年组（n=885）。接线员询问来电者并收集其一般资料、自杀意念、社会心理特征以及主诉问题等资料，比较成年组和未成年组以上资料的差异。在热线干预前后，评估来电者的痛苦程度、自杀意念强烈程度和希望程度，并比较成年组和未成年组的改善情况。采用Logistic回归比较两组来电者三个干预效果指标并探讨其关联因素。结果 与成年组相比，未成年组报告家庭成员关系问题、学习问题、自杀未遂史和害怕被攻击的比例更高，差异均有统计学意义（χ2=55.604、24.706、41.944、106.527，P均<0.01）。电话干预后，未成年组中希望程度改善的比例更高（42.74% vs. 30.97%，χ2=26.042，P<0.01）。多变量Logistic回归分析结果显示，与成年组相比，未成年组中有严重抑郁情绪者痛苦程度改善更明显（OR=0.650，95% CI：0.510~0.827），未成年组中有物质依赖者希望程度改善的几率更高（OR=0.550，95% CI：0.327~0.926），未成年组中有慢性生活事件者自杀意念强烈程度改善的几率更高（OR=0.565，95% CI：0.328~0.973）。结论 心理援助热线成年自杀高危来电者更关注家庭外人际关系、工作和经济等方面的问题，而未成年自杀高危来电者更关注家庭关系及学习问题；未成年组干预效果受严重抑郁情绪、物质使用问题以及慢性生活事件等问题的影响较小。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To compare the characteristics of adult and juvenile callers at high risk of suicide from psychological assistance hotline， to screen factors influencing the crisis intervention effect， so as to develop specific intervention programs for different age groups on psychological assistance hotline.Methods From January 2021 to June 2021， a total of 2 229 callers at high risk for suicide were recruited from Beijing psychological assistance hotline. The selected individuals were divided into adult group （n=1 344） and juvenile group （n=885）. Callers were interviewed by the hotline operators. Their general information， suicidal ideation， socio-psychological characteristics and chief complaints were recorded and compared between two groups. Before and after hotline crisis interventions， psychological distress， suicidal ideation intensity and hope level of the callers were assessed， and the improvements in the three assessed dimensions were compared between two groups. Then Logistic regression was adopted to compare the crisis intervention effects on three dimensions and their associated factors.Results Compared with adult group， juvenile group reported higher rates of family relationship problems， learning problems， history of suicide attempts and fear of assault， with statistically significant differences （χ2=55.604， 24.706， 41.944， 106.527， P<0.01）. After hotline crisis intervention， the proportion of callers with increased level of hope was larger in juvenile group than that in adult group （42.74% vs. 30.97%， χ2=26.042， P<0.01）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the chances of improvement in psychological distress for major depressive disorder （OR=0.650， 95% CI： 0.510~0.827）， the chances of improvement in the level of hope for those with substance dependents （OR=0.550， 95% CI： 0.327~0.926）， and the chances of improvement in the intensity of suicidal ideation for those with stressful life events （OR=0.565， 95% CI： 0.328~0.973） were all higher in juvenile group than those in adult group after crisis intervention.Conclusion Among the callers at high risk for suicide from psychological assistance hotline， adult callers are more concerned about extra-familial relationships， work and economic problems， while juvenile callers are more concerned about family relationship and learning problems. Furthermore， the effect of crisis intervention in juvenile callers is less affected by major depressive disorder， substance use problems and stressful life events. |
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