| 师丽欣,邱昌建.突发公共卫生事件下成都市某综合医院儿童青少年精神障碍患者疾病变化趋势分析[J].四川精神卫生杂志,2024,37(6):532-536.Shi Lixin,Qiu Changjian,Analysis of disease trends in children and adolescents with mental disorders of a general hospital in Chengdu during public health emergencies[J].SICHUAN MENTAL HEALTH,2024,37(6):532-536 |
| 突发公共卫生事件下成都市某综合医院儿童青少年精神障碍患者疾病变化趋势分析 |
| Analysis of disease trends in children and adolescents with mental disorders of a general hospital in Chengdu during public health emergencies |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-03 |
| DOI：10.11886/scjsws20231203003 |
| 中文关键词: 突发公共卫生事件 儿童青少年 精神障碍 |
| 英文关键词:Public health emergencies Children and adolescents Mental disorder |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 背景 儿童青少年时期是个体心理健康发育的关键阶段，在面对突发公共卫生事件时，儿童青少年的心理应对能力较弱，极易出现各种心理问题。目的 了解突发公共卫生事件下某综合医院心理卫生中心儿童青少年住院患者的疾病构成比变化趋势，为以后类似突发公共卫生事件下儿童青少年心理健康研究与干预实践提供参考。方法 选取2018年1月1日—2022年12月31日于四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心住院且出院主诊断为《国际疾病分类（第10版）》（ICD-10）中精神分裂症、分裂型障碍和妄想性障碍、抑郁障碍、双相情感障碍、焦虑障碍、创伤后应激障碍任一诊断的儿童青少年患者为研究对象（n=6 613）。回顾性收集患者的病历资料，根据入院时间将患者分为两组：新冠肺炎疫情大流行前（2018年1月1日—2019年12月31日）和新冠肺炎疫情大流行期间（2020年1月1日—2022年12月31日）。采用趋势χ2检验考查疾病构成比变化趋势。结果 与新冠肺炎疫情大流行前相比，新冠肺炎疫情大流行期间，儿童青少年住院患者的年龄更小、住院天数更短、女生占比更高（t=10.743、4.082，χ2=29.092，P均<0.01）。新冠肺炎疫情大流行期间，抑郁障碍、双相情感障碍、焦虑障碍构成比均呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=11.058、67.333、17.276，P均<0.01），精神分裂症、分裂型障碍和妄想性障碍构成比呈下降趋势（χ2趋势=219.924，P<0.01）。亚组分析显示，6~14岁患者中，双相情感障碍构成比呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=18.207，P<0.01），15~19岁患者中，双相情感障碍和焦虑障碍构成比均呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=57.339、19.011，P均<0.01）；男生抑郁障碍和双相情感障碍构成比均呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=21.729、11.380，P<0.01），女生双相情感障碍和焦虑障碍构成比均呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=54.830、14.377，P均<0.01）。结论 与新冠肺炎疫情大流行前比较，新冠肺炎疫情大流行期间，儿童青少年住院患者中女生多于男生，患者年龄偏小、住院时间偏短，抑郁障碍、双相情感障碍、焦虑障碍构成比均上升。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Background Childhood and adolescence are critical stages in psychological development. During the public health emergencies， children and adolescents exhibit weaker psychological coping ability， making them more vulnerable to mental health issues.Objective To investigate trends in the distribution of hospitalized children and adolescents patients at mental health centers of a general hospital during public health emergencies， so as to provide references for future research and intervention for adolescent under similar contexts.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 6 613 children and adolescent patients hospitalized and discharged from the Mental Health Center of West China Hospital， Sichuan University， from January 1， 2018 to December 31， 2022. Patients were included if their primary diagnosis was schizophrenia， schizotypal disorder and delusional disorder， depressive disorder， bipolar disorder， anxiety disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder in International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）. Patients were divided into two groups based on their admission period： pre-COVID-19 pandemic period （from January 1， 2018 to December 31， 2019） and during the COVID-19 pandemic （from January 1， 2020 to December 31， 2022）. Trends in diagnostic distributions were analyzed using the trend chi-square test.Results Significant differences were observed between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods in age， length of hospital stay and sex（t=10.743， 4.082， χ2=29.092， P<0.01）. During the COVID-19 pandemic， the proportions of depressive disorder， bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder among hospitalized children and adolescents patients increased （χ2trend=11.058， 67.333， 17.276， P<0.01）， while the proportions of schizophrenia， schizotypal disorder and delusional disorder decreased （χ2trend=219.924， P<0.01）. Among patients aged 6~14 years， the proportion of bipolar disorder increased （χ2trend=18.207， P<0.01）. Among patients aged 15~19 years， the proportion of bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder also increased （χ2trend=57.339， 19.011， P<0.01）. In male patients， the proportions of depressive disorder and bipolar disorder increased （χ2trend=21.729， 11.380， P<0.01）， while in female patients， the proportion of bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder increased （χ2trend=54.830， 14.377， P<0.01）.Conclusion Compared with the pre-pandemic period， during the COVID-19 pandemic， among hospitalized children and adolescents patients， there are more female patients than male patients， with a tendency for patients to be younger and have shorter lengths of hospital stay. The proportions of depressive disorder， bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder have all increased. |
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