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| 心理热线高危未成年来电者特征及干预效果的影响因素 |
| The characteristics and correlates of intervention effects of adolescent high suicidal risk callers of Psychological support hotline |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-13 修订日期：2023-02-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 自杀 未成年人 心理社会特征 干预效果 心理热线 |
| 英文关键词:suicide adolescent socio-psychological characteristics intervention effectiveness hotline |
| 基金项目:北京市医院管理中心临床医学发展专项经费(项目编号ZYLX202130)；北京市医院管理中心“登峰”计划专项经费(项目编号DFL20221701) 资助的课题；北京回龙观医院青年科研基金(项目编号LY202211)赵丽婷,李春玲为并列第一作者 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的:心理援助热线未成年自杀高危来电者的特征和即刻干预效果的影响因素。 方法:将北京市心理援助热线于2021年1月至6月接听的自杀高危来电纳入研究。按来电者年龄分为成年组与未成年组,比较两组之间自杀未遂史等心理社会特征的差异,比较两组来电者的痛苦程度、想死程度、希望程度在电话干预前后的变化情况(干预效果)及其相关因素。 结果:共纳入2229例自杀高危来电者(未成年组885例,成年组1344例)。与成年组相比,未成年组报告家庭成员关系问题(37.2%)、学习问题(7.3%)、自杀未遂史(75.1%)和害怕被攻击(46.3%)的比例更高(P均<0.001)；经电话干预后未成年组的希望程度改善(干预后分数增加≥10)比例更高(42.7% vs. 31.0%,χ2=26.04,P<0.001)。多变量logistic回归分析结果提示,与相应的成年组相比,未成年组有严重抑郁情绪者痛苦程度改善更好(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.51~0.83),未成年组有物质依赖者希望程度改善的几率更高(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.33~0.93),未成年组有慢性生活事件者想死程度改善的几率更高(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.33~0.98)。结论:心理援助热线成年和未成年自杀高危来电者关注的问题有所不同,未成年组干预效果受到严重抑郁等问题的影响较小。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the characteristics and correlates of intervention effects of adolescent callers assessed as high suicidal risk. Methods From Jan 2021 to Jun 2021, all of the high suicidal risk callers of Beijing Psychological Support Hotline were recruited. Callers were divided into adult group (18 years or older) and adolescent group (<18 years old). The socio-psychological characteristics, intervention effects including psychological stress, hopefulness, and intensity of suicide intention were compared between the two groups of callers. Results Among the 2229 recruited callers, 885 callers were adolescents, 1344 callers were adults. The adolescent group were more likely reporting family relationship problems (37.2%), study problems (7.3%), suicide attempts (75.1%), fearing attacked (46.3%). Compared with the adult group, the adolescent group callers were more likely reached significant improvement of hopefulness score after the hotline-based intervention (42.7% vs.31.0%, χ2=26.04, P<0.001). Results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, adolescent high suicidal risk callers with severe depression were more likely reaching significant improvement in psychological stress and that was statistically significantly different from adult high suicidal risk callers (OR=0.65,95%CI:0.51～0.83), and adolescent high suicidal risk callers with substance problems or chronic negative life events were more likely reaching significant improvement in hopefulness (OR=0.55,95%CI:0.33～0.93), and in intensity of suicide intention (OR=0.57,95%CI:0.33～0.98) than adult high suicidal risk callers, respectively. Conclusion In psychological support hotline, the concern problems, correlated factors of suicidalities, and effectiveness of hotline-based intervention were different between adult and adolescent high suicidal risk callers. Age-specific evaluation and intervention strategies should be developed in psychological support hotline for suicide prevention. |
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