| The purpose of this article was to introduce the basic concepts, calculation methods, two examples, and the implementation of SAS calculation methods related to the cluster analysis of unordered samples. The basic concepts included symmetric nominal variables, missing values, matching coefficients, and Hamann coefficients; The calculation method involved the third set of distance method (8 in total) and class averaging method; The data in the two examples were "survey data reflecting the air pollution situation in 39 cities in the United States" and "population growth and decline data of stem borer in a certain area from 1962 to 1988"; Using SAS software, unordered sample clustering analysis was performed on the data from two instances, and the SAS output results were explained. |