| Background Prenatal depression has an important impact on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have shown that maternal prenatal depression is related to social support, and social support is related to childbirth fear, but there are few studies on the relationship between maternal prenatal depression, social support, and childbirth fear, and there are no studies on the effects of social support and childbirth fear on prenatal depression in primiparous women. Objective To investigate the current status of prenatal depression in primiparous women, to analyze the correlation between antenatal depression and social support and fear of childbirth, and to further investigate the effects of social support and fear of childbirth on antenatal depression in primiparous women, so as to provide reference for improving the mental health of this group. Methods A total of 380 primiparous women admitted to the inpatient department of Chengdu Wenjiang District People's Hospital from December 2022 to September 2023 were enrolled. Self-made questionnaires, the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the Childbirth Attitude Scale (CAQ) were used to conduct the survey. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation of scores of primiparous mothers. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of prenatal depression. Results A total of 380 questionnaires were distributed and 372 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 97.89%. A total of 222 cases (59.68%) of primiparous mothers were found to have antenatal depression. The EPDS score was (9.18±2.64), the CAQ score was (27.21±7.12), and the SSRS score was (36.74±4.38). The EPDS score of primiparous women was negatively correlated with SSRS score (r=-0.283, P<0.01) and positively correlated with CAQ score (r=0.341, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that social support (β=-0.166, P<0.01) and fear of childbirth (β=0.269, P<0.01) were the main influencing factors of prenatal depression in primiparous women. Conclusion The prenatal depression of primiparous women is not optimistic, and the level of prenatal depression is closely related to social support and fear of childbirth. |